外国文学研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 22-33.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

从人类中心主义到人类主体:生态危机解困之路

聂珍钊   

  • 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2021-02-26
  • 作者简介:聂珍钊,浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院教授,华中师范大学国际文学伦理学批评研究中心研究员,欧洲科学院外籍院士,主要从事英美文学与比较文学、文学伦理学批评理论与方法研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重点项目“文学伦理学与文本研究”(13AWW001); 国家社科基金重大项目“文学伦理学批评:理论建构与批评实践研究”(13&ZD128)

From Anthropocentrism to Human Subjectivity: A Possible Solution to Ecological Crises

Nie Zhenzhao   

  • Online:2020-02-25 Published:2021-02-26
  • About author:Nie Zhenzhao is a professor at the School of International Studies, Zhejiang University (Hangzhou 310058, China), and a research fellow at International Ethical Literary Criticism Research Center (Wuhan 430079, China). He is also a foreign member of Academia Europaea. His main research interests include English literature, comparative literature, and the theory and methodology of Ethical Literary Criticism. Email: niezhenzhao@163.com
  • Supported by:
    “Literary Ethics and Text Studies” (13AWW001) and “Ethical Literary Criticism: Theoretical Construction and Critical Practice Studies” (13&ZD128) both sponsored by the National Social Sciences Fund of China

内容摘要: 20世纪后半叶出现的从人类中心主义到自然中心主义的转向,把当前导致生态危机的责任推给了人类中心主义,试图通过对人类中心主义的清算来解决人类面临的生态危机。在蕾切尔·卡逊创作的《寂静的春天》里,可以看出当今世界日趋严重的生态危机是人类自己造成的。但是要解决这个问题只能依靠人类自己,人类需要明确自己的主体身份以及人类作为主体应负的责任。人类虽然不能成为大自然的中心,但是能够对大自然发挥人的主体性作用,从而作出正确的伦理选择,找到生态危机的解困之路。

关键词: 人类中心主义, 自然中心主义, 《寂静的春天》, 文学伦理学批评, 伦理选择, 伦理身份

Abstract: The discursive turn from anthropocentrism to nature-centrism in the second half of the 20th century put the blame squarely on the former for the current ecological crises in an attempt to avert the crises by condemning and cleansing anthropocentrism. In her Silent Spring (1962), Rachel Carson shows the reader that it is the humans who are responsible for the worsening ecological crises around the world today. Solutions to this problem, however, can only come from humans, ourselves. Mankind should clearly understand its subjective identity and its responsibilities as the subject. Despite our inability to be the centre of nature, human beings can still play a subjective role in nature, and, by making ethical choices wisely, find a way out of the ecological apocalypse.

Key words: anthropocentrism, nature-centrism, Silent Spring, Ethical Literary Criticism, ethical choice, ethical identity

Journal Integrated Operation and Management Platform with Network