从“纲纪”到“理性”——论伏尔泰《中国孤儿》中的社会政治伦理

外国文学研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 44-52.

从“纲纪”到“理性”——论伏尔泰《中国孤儿》中的社会政治伦理

陈建伟

出版日期:2017-06-25 发布日期:2022-06-15
作者简介:陈建伟,浙江工商大学外国语学院副教授,主要从事法汉语言对比与翻译研究。

From “Discipline” to “Reason”: On the Social Political Ethics in Voltaire's The Orphan of China

Chen Jianwei

Online:2017-06-25 Published:2022-06-15
About author:Chen Jianwei is associate professor at the College of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang Gongshang University (Hangzhou 310018, China), mainly engaged in the comparison and translation of Chinese and French. Email: cjwp2005@hotmail.com

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 18世纪法国思想巨擘伏尔泰的“理性”是一种能识别“假”“恶”和“真”“善”的能力;伏尔泰将其作为一种社会政治伦理,呼吁人们崇尚理性与文明,反对神权和野蛮,因此成为法国大革命的一份“酵母”。“理性”是伏尔泰提倡的社会政治伦理之重要理论支撑,为此他借用中国元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》的故事创作《中国孤儿》表达的正是这种理性：文明必然战胜野蛮,“真”“善”必然战胜“假”“恶”。《赵氏孤儿》中的“纲纪”伦理是伏尔泰借以宣扬理性政治伦理的“本文”;此本文的选择是伏尔泰对中国政治论理的推崇所致。

关键词: 伏尔泰, 《中国孤儿》, 理性, 纲纪, 社会伦理, 政治伦理

Abstract: As a great thinker of France in the 18th century, Voltaire's “reason” is an ability to distinguish “good” from “bad”, “truth” from “falsehood”. Voltaire regarded it as a kind of social political ethics, calling people to advocate reason and civilization as well as to oppose theocracy and barbarism. Therefore, it became the “yeast” of the French Revolution. “Reason” is the important basis of his social political ethics, and he created The Orphan of China based on the Chinese Zaju The Orphan of Zhao in the Yuan Dynasty to express the “reason” that civilization is bound to defeat barbarism as “truth” and “good” are bound to defeat “falsehood” and “bad”. Voltaire used “discipline” in The Orphan of Zhao as the “text” to advocate his rational political ethics. The text is chosen due to Voltaire's favor for Chinese political ethics.

Key words: Voltaire, The Orphan of China, reason, discipline, social ethics, political ethics

陈建伟. 从“纲纪”到“理性”——论伏尔泰《中国孤儿》中的社会政治伦理[J]. 外国文学研究, 2017, 39(3): 44-52.

Chen Jianwei. From “Discipline” to “Reason”: On the Social Political Ethics in Voltaire's The Orphan of China[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2017, 39(3): 44-52.

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