外国文学研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 39-53.

• 文学与教育跨学科研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

革命性“反叛”与功利性“宿命”——浪漫主义对文学教育功能的疏离及其文学史意义

蒋承勇   

  • 出版日期:2021-12-25 发布日期:2022-01-03
  • 作者简介:蒋承勇,浙江工商大学文科资深教授,主要研究西方文学思潮、西方文学人文传统。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目“19世纪西方文学思潮研究”(15ZDB086)

Revolutionary “Rebellion” and Utilitarian “Destiny”: The Alienation of Romanticism from the Educational Function of Literature and Its Significance in Literary History

Jiang Chengyong   

  • Online:2021-12-25 Published:2022-01-03
  • About author:Jiang Chengyong is a Senior Professor of Liberal Arts at Zhejiang Gongshang University (Hangzhou 310018, China), specializing in the ideological trends and humanistic tradition of Western literature. Email: jcy@zjgsu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    “Research on Ideological Trends in the 19th-Century Western Literature” (15ZDB086) sponsored by the National Social Science Fund of China

内容摘要: “寓教于乐”说是西方文学史上源远流长的传统观念,凸显着文学之教育功能和功利性。19世纪浪漫主义提出了文学“非功利性”和“为艺术而艺术”的理论主张和创作理念,排斥文学的教育功能和其他社会功能,表现出了对延续了2000多年的“寓教于乐”说和文学教育功能及功利性追求的革命性“反叛”,而且,这种理论深远地影响了后来的世纪末文学和20世纪现代主义文学,开启了西方文学之审美现代性传统,具有深远的文学史意义。不过,教育功能是文学与生俱来的本质属性之一,浪漫主义虽然因其革命性“反叛”开创了西方文学史审美现代性传统,但其创作的教育功能和“功利性”并未因此而完全消失,这是其作为艺术形态的文学所无法摆脱和逾越的“宿命”。

关键词: 浪漫主义, 教育功能, 为艺术而艺术, 非功利性, 功利性

Abstract: The theory of “instructionl with pleasure” is a long-established traditional concept in the history of the Western literature that touts the educational and utilitarian functions of literature. In the 19th century, Romanticism put forth a theoretical claim and creative concept that defined literature as “non-utilitarian” and an “art for art's sake”, rejected the educational and other social functions of literature, and launched a revolutionary “rebellion” against the theory of “edutainment” and the pursuit of educational and utilitarian functions of literature, both of which had lasted for more than 2000 years. Moreover, such a theoretical commitment is profoundly significant in the history of literature because it exerted a deep influence on the literature of the “End of the Century” and the Modernist literature in the 20th century, and initiated an aesthetic tradition of Modernism in the Western literature. However, the educational function is part of the inherent nature of literature. Although Romanticism started the modernistic aesthetic tradition in the history of Western literature through its revolutionary “rebellion,” the educational function and utilitarian nature of its writings never completely disappeared. This is the “destiny” that literature, as an artistic form, can never discard or surpass.

Key words: Romanticism, educational function, art for art's sake, non-utilitarian, utilitarian

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