《神经漫游者》的三重空间书写与批判

外国文学研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 128-139.

《神经漫游者》的三重空间书写与批判

王一平

出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-04-30
作者简介:王一平,四川大学文学与新闻学院教授,主要研究方向为当代英美文学与科幻文学。

The Representation and Criticism of the Three Spaces in Neuromancer

Wang Yiping

Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-30
About author:Wang Yiping is a professor at the School of Literature and Journalism, Sichuan University (Chengdu 610065, China), specializing in contemporary English and American literature and science fiction. Email: yipingwang@scu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 美国–加拿大著名科幻小说家威廉·吉布森的代表作《神经漫游者》是经典的赛博朋克小说,其创造了一个不久将会出现的想象的时代,在这个全球化时代里,技术和资本共治,资源与信息等高频流通,大都市文明发达。《神经漫游者》集中考察了三重空间及其现实隐喻：首先,小说描绘了族裔多元、犯罪频仍的当代都市,投射出高度写实的都市“内城”的混杂性与犯罪丛生的危机;其次,小说展现了一幅当代“世界城市”的新网络画面,强调了世界大都市的重要性及其功能性区分,以及其蕴含的政治潜能;在此之上,小说还描绘了近地太空殖民点的开发,显示出对其重演地球都市中内城与郊区失衡、出现飞地化“门禁之区”的隐忧,探索了“前塑”文化中的青少年亚文化。《神经漫游者》对多重空间的设置与渲染,显现出了强烈的社会批判意味。

关键词: 威廉·吉布森, 《神经漫游者》, 赛博朋克科幻, 都市内城, 世界城市

Abstract: Neuromancer, the masterpiece of the renowned American-Canadian writer of science fiction William Gibson, is a landmark of cyberpunk science fiction. It creates an imaginary era in the near future, in which, due to the impact of globalization, technology and capital would share the dominant power, resources and information would circulate in high frequency, and metropolitan culture would advance rapidly. Neuromancer mainly explores three particular spaces in this era: first, it depicts a contemporary multi-ethnic and crime-ridden city, refracting its highly realistic “inner city” complexity and high-crime crisis; secondly, it presents a new cyber picture of the “world cities” emphasizing their importance, their distinctive functions, and their latent political potential; thirdly, it delineates the cultivation of the orbital space station, revealing the hidden concern over a possible reoccurrence of the imbalance between the inner city and suburbs in a metropolis on the earth and the enclave-like gated space station communities, and exploring the youthful subculture within the “prefigurative culture.” What the construction and rendering of the multiple spaces in Neuromancer conveys is a strong implication of social criticism.

Key words: Gibson, Neuromancer, cyberpunk science fiction, inner city, world cities

王一平. 《神经漫游者》的三重空间书写与批判[J]. 外国文学研究, 2021, 43(2): 128-139.

Wang Yiping. The Representation and Criticism of the Three Spaces in Neuromancer[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2021, 43(2): 128-139.

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