无意识记忆与遗传——论巴特勒《众生之路》中的进化论思想

外国文学研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 86-98.

无意识记忆与遗传——论巴特勒《众生之路》中的进化论思想

苏明鸣, 朱安博

发布日期:2022-05-18
作者简介:苏明鸣,博士,首都经济贸易大学外国语学院讲师,研究方向为19世纪英国文学;朱安博,博士,首都经济贸易大学外国语学院教授,研究方向为英国文学与翻译学。
基金资助:
北京市社会科学基金青年项目“对立与补充：巴特勒与达尔文作品中进化论思想范式构建”（16WXC015）

Unconscious Memory and Heredity: Evolutionary Ideas in Samuel Butler’s The Way of All Flesh

Su Mingming, Zhu Anbo

Published:2022-05-18
About author:Su Mingming, PhD in literature, is a lecturer at the School of Foreign Studies, Capital University of Economics and Business (Beijing 100070, China). Her research field is English literature of nineteenth century. Email: sumingming1980@hotmail.com;Zhu Anbo is a professor at the School of Foreign Studies, Capital University of Economics and Business (Beijing 100070, China), specializing in English literature and translation studies. Email: zhuanbo998@163.com

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 塞缪尔·巴特勒曾是达尔文最激烈的反对者之一,对进化论的探讨是巴特勒小说创作的动机与源泉。无意识记忆理论是巴特勒对拉马克“获得性遗传”学说的独特贡献,也是巴特勒进化论的核心。通过对小说《众生之路》（1903）与巴特勒四部进化论专著之间的关联性的论证,寻找小说与达尔文著作的联系,尤其是与《动物与植物在家养下的变异》(1868)之间的联系,进而对巴特勒作品进行整体性的研究,可以更全面理解巴特勒在小说创作中所展现的进化论思想。

关键词: 《众生之路》, 巴特勒, 拉马克, 达尔文, 无意识记忆

Abstract: Samuel Butler was once one of Darwin’s fiercest opponents. The exploration of the theory of evolution is the motive and source of Butler’s novels. The theory of unconscious memory is not only Butler’s unique contribution to Lamarck’s “inheritance of acquired characteristics”, but also the core of Butler’s theory of evolution. By demonstrating the relationship between the novel, The Way of All Flesh (1903), and Butler’s four books about evolution, and finding the connection between the novel and Darwin’s works, especially The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication (1868), we may conduct a comprehensive study of Butler’s works and gain a holistic understanding of his evolutionary ideas.

Key words: The Way of All Flesh, Samuel Butler, Lamarck, Darwin, unconscious memory

苏明鸣, 朱安博. 无意识记忆与遗传——论巴特勒《众生之路》中的进化论思想[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(2): 86-98.

Su Mingming, Zhu Anbo. Unconscious Memory and Heredity: Evolutionary Ideas in Samuel Butler’s The Way of All Flesh[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2019, 41(2): 86-98.

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