绘制空间性：空间叙事与空间批评

外国文学研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 114-124.

绘制空间性：空间叙事与空间批评

方英

出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2022-05-24
作者简介:方英,文艺学博士,宁波大学科学技术学院副教授,主要从事文学理论研究、文学空间批评和英美文学批评。
基金资助:
国家社科基金一般项目“文学空间批评研究”（17BZW057）

Mapping Spatiality: Spatial Narrative and Spatial Criticism

Fang Ying

Online:2018-10-25 Published:2022-05-24
About author:Fang Ying is associate professor of English at Ningbo University (Ningbo 315212, China). Her scholarly interests include literary theories, spatial literary criticism, and British and American literary criticism. Email: ttbetty@126.com
Supported by:
“Studies of Spatial Literary Criticism” (17BZW057) sponsored by the Program of National Social Science Fund of China

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 文学的“空间转向”已逐渐发展为“文学空间研究”,该研究以空间、空间性、地方和绘图为核心概念,其中詹姆逊的“认知绘图”和罗伯特·塔利的“文学绘图”理论极具影响力。对这两种理论的考察和借鉴揭示了空间叙事和空间批评（近年来国内文学研究的两个热点）的核心特征与根本关联——绘制空间性。“绘图/绘制”本义为绘制地图,喻指对空间和空间性元素的表征与建构;“绘制空间性”指对文学空间性因素的强调,可发生于作者和读者两个层面：在作者写作层面为空间叙事,广义而言指空间/空间性在叙事中的功能和意义,狭义乃一种叙事模式,即以空间秩序和逻辑统辖作品,以空间性为叙事重心;在读者阅读与批评层面为空间批评,即以空间性为研究视角和问题域的核心。这两者都是对存在空间性的绘制,对文学意义的新探索。

关键词: 文学绘图, 绘图/绘制, 空间性, 空间叙事, 空间批评

Abstract: The “spatial turn” in literature has developed into a field of Spatial Literary Studies centering around such key concepts as space, spatiality, place and mapping. Drawing on Jameson’s notion of Cognitive Mapping and Robert Tally’s theory of Literary Cartography, this paper examines the currently disputable issues of Spatial Narrative and Spatial Criticism, and aims to sort out the fundamental connection of mapping spatiality between them. Here, mapping refers metaphorically to the representation and construction of space and spatial elements. As such, the concept of Mapping Spatiality puts an emphasis on spatial elements in literature, and is meaningful in the processes of writing and reading. In writing, the concept of Spatial Narrative refers to the function and meaning of space and spatiality in text and in a more narrow sense, to a narrative model in which the spatial sequence and logic govern the narrative. In the aspect of reading/criticism, spatiality becomes the perspective and focus of Spatial Criticism.

Key words: literary cartography, mapping, spatiality, spatial narrative, spatial criticism

方英. 绘制空间性：空间叙事与空间批评[J]. 外国文学研究, 2018, 40(5): 114-124.

Fang Ying. Mapping Spatiality: Spatial Narrative and Spatial Criticism[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2018, 40(5): 114-124.

参考文献

[1] Bakhtin M. M.The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Ed. M. Holquist. Trans. C. Emerson and M. Holquist. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981.
[2] Cook, Susan E.“Teaching Victorian Literature Through Cartography.” Teaching Space, Place and Literature. Ed. Robert T Tally. London and New York: Routledge, 2017. 69-76.
[3] Darici, Katiuscia.“‘To Draw a Map Is to Tell a Story’: Interview with Dr. Robert T. Tally Jr. on Geocriticism.”Revista Forma 11(2015): 27-36.
[4] Deleuze, Gilles and Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus. Trans. Brian Massumi. Minneapolis, M.N.: U of Minnesota P, 1987.
[5] 方英:《小说空间叙事论》.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2017年.
[Fang Ying.On the Spatial Narrative in Fiction. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong UP, 2017.]
[6] ——:《空间转向与外国文学教学中地图的使用》,《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》40.3(2018):108-113.
[---. “Spatial Turn and Maps in Foreign Literature Teaching.” Journal of Ningbo University (Educational Science Edition) 40.3(2018):108-13.]
[7] Greene, David B.“Consciousness, Spatiality and Pictorial Space.” The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 41.4(1983): 375-85.
[8] Jameson, Fredric.Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism. Durham, NC: Duke UP,1991.
[9] Kestner, Joseph.The Spatiality of the Novel. Detroit: Wayne State UP, 1978.
[10] Kort, Wesley A.Place and Space in Modern Fiction. Florida: UP of Florida, 2004.
[11] 陆扬:《空间批评的谱系》,《文艺争鸣》5(2016):80-86.
[Lu Yang.“The Pedigree of Spatial Criticism.”Literature and Art Forum 5(2016): 80-86.]
[12] Monmonier, Mark.How to Lie with Maps. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1991.
[13] Ronen, Ruth.“Space in Fiction.” Poetics Today 7.3(1986): 421-38.
[14] Said, Edward. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Knopf, 1993.
[15] Tally, Robert T Jr. “Introduction: The Map and the Guide.” Teaching Space, Place and Literature. Ed. Robert T Tally. London and New York: Routledge, 2017. 1-9.
[16] ---. “Introduction: The Reassertion of Space in Literary Studies.” The Routledge Handbook of Literature and Space. Ed. Robert T Tally. London: Routledge, 2017. 1-6.
[17] ---. “On Literary Cartography: Narrative as a Spatially Symbolic Act.” <https://www.nanocrit.com/issues/issue1/literary-cartography-narrative-spatially-symbolic-act>
[18] ---. “‘Spaces That Before Were Blank’: Truth and Narrative Form in Melville’s South Seas Cartography.” Pacific Coast Philology 42.2(2007): 181-98.
[19] ---. Spatiality. London: Routledge, 2013.
[20] Thacker, Andrew.Moving through Modernity—Space and Geography in Modernism. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2003.