外国文学研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 119-126.

• 东方文学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

论《海边的卡夫卡》中的拟似性伦理犯罪

任洁   

  • 出版日期:2018-08-25 发布日期:2022-05-23
  • 作者简介:任洁,华中师范大学文学院比较文学与世界文学专业博士生,主要研究方向为近现代日本文学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目“文学伦理学批评:理论建构与批评实践研究”(13&ZD128)

Simulated Ethical Crime in Haruki Murakami's Kafka on the Shore

Ren Jie   

  • Online:2018-08-25 Published:2022-05-23
  • About author:Ren Jie is a Ph. D. candidate in Comparative and World Literature at the School of Chinese Language and Literature, Central China Normal University (Wuhan 430079, China). Her research focuses on modern and contemporary Japanese literature. Email: renjie_85@163.com
  • Supported by:
    “Ethical Literary Criticism: Theoretical Construction and Critical Practice Studies” (13&ZD128), sponsored by National Social Science Fund of China

内容摘要: 在《海边的卡夫卡》中,日本作家村上春树采用了与古希腊悲剧《俄狄浦斯王》互文的写作策略,却不局限于传统的伦理犯罪题材,而是借助平行叙事结构和大量隐喻塑造了一个实施拟似性伦理犯罪的人物形象。所谓拟似性伦理犯罪,即未在现实世界中真正触犯伦理禁忌,而是将内心中想要触犯伦理禁忌的愿望以拟似性方式实施的伦理犯罪,采取的方式不是现实的、直接的、有针对性的,而是非现实的、变相的、替代性的。本文运用文学伦理学批评关于本能、自由意志、理性意志的理论对小说中的拟似性伦理犯罪进行了分析,并认为本能是导致拟似性伦理犯罪的根本动力来源,而理性的不成熟是造成自由意志脱离理性意志控制并通过变相方式自由释放的根本原因。所以,拟似性伦理犯罪属非理性范畴,它不仅无法给施行主体带来真正救赎,反而可能导致实际性伦理犯罪的发生。

关键词: 村上春树, 《海边的卡夫卡》, 拟似性伦理罪, 文学伦理学批评

Abstract: In Kafka on the Shore, Haruki Murakami strategically achieves intertextuality with ancient Greek tragedy Oedipus the King, and, furthermore, replaces the traditional theme of ethical crime with a discussion of simulated ethical crime by means of parallel narrative and diverse metaphors. The phrase “simulated ethical crime” refers to the actualization of the intention of violating ethical taboo in some simulated way. Different from the violation of ethical taboo in reality which is real, direct, or targeted, it is fictional, indirect and substitutive. This paper, borrowing the terms of “free will” and “rational will” from Ethical Literary Criticism, examines the cause of the simulated ethical crime of Kafka Tamura, the protagonist. Kafka Tamura's simulated ethical crime is motivated by his instinct, in which his rational will is taken over by free will. This paper reveals the potential danger of simulated ethical crime. As a result of irrational will, it might lead to actual ethical crime.

Key words: Haruki Murakami, Kafka on the Shore, simulated ethical crime, Ethical Literary Criticism

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