《伊凡·杰尼索维奇的一天》的叙事艺术与劳改营书写

外国文学研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 99-108.

《伊凡·杰尼索维奇的一天》的叙事艺术与劳改营书写

汪磊, 王加兴

出版日期:2017-10-25 发布日期:2022-06-15
作者简介:汪磊,文学博士,南京大学外国语学院助理研究员,主要研究领域为俄罗斯文学;王加兴,南京大学俄罗斯学研究中心主任、外国语学院俄语系教授,主要从事俄罗斯文论、文学修辞学研究。

Narrative Arts and Labor Camp Writing in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

Wang Lei, Wang Jiaxing

Online:2017-10-25 Published:2022-06-15
About author:Wang Lei, Ph.D. in Literature, is research assistant of Russian Department, Nanjing University (Nanjing 210023, China), specializing in Russian literature research. Email: wanglei198580@163.com; Wang Jiaxing is director of Center of Russian Studies, professor of Russian Department, Nanjing University (Nanjing 210023, China), specializing in research of Russian literature and literary rhetoric. Email: yifan95@tom.com

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 索尔仁尼琴在《伊凡·杰尼索维奇的一天》中大量运用准直接引语进行“复调”叙事,通过独特的叙事视角和精湛的叙事手法,在高度浓缩的艺术时空中充分揭露“痛苦的历史”。作家不但勇敢地描绘现实中令人匪夷所思的监狱生活景象,而且重新阐释囚徒在监狱困境下的身份建构及其伦理选择,以此展现俄罗斯的民族精神和道德信念。小说继承俄罗斯经典文学的人道主义传统,以纪实性写作手法开创苏联“劳改营文学”,张扬俄罗斯民族自豪感和斯拉夫民族优越感,蕴含着作家此后所倡导的“新根基主义”及“新斯拉夫主义”思想,为苏联知识分子思考祖国的历史和命运,找寻国家未来的出路指示了方向。

关键词: 索尔仁尼琴, 《伊凡·杰尼索维奇的一天》, 叙事艺术, 劳改营, 新斯拉夫主义

Abstract: Free indirect speech is extensively used as “polyphonic” narrative in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. Through unique narrative perspective and exquisite narrative technique, the author uncovers the “painful history” in a highly concentrated aesthetic time-space. He not only depicted the cruelty and brutality in the labor camp, but also reinterpreted the prisoner's identity construction and ethical choice, the national spirit and moral belief of Russia. Following humanitarian tradition of Russian classical literature, the novel initiated Soviet “labor camp literature” by documentary writing, and proclaimed the Russian pride and Slavic superiority, which connote the “neopochvennichestvo” and “neoslavophilism” advocated by the writer as one of leading Soviet intellectuals. Thus, the novel showed concern about the history and future of motherland, and tried to find a way out for the country in distress.

Key words: A. I. Solzhenitsyn, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, narrative art, labor camp, neoslavophilism

汪磊, 王加兴. 《伊凡·杰尼索维奇的一天》的叙事艺术与劳改营书写[J]. 外国文学研究, 2017, 39(5): 99-108.

Wang Lei, Wang Jiaxing. Narrative Arts and Labor Camp Writing in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2017, 39(5): 99-108.

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