解域、逃逸与创造：印度当代英语小说的小民族文学性

外国文学研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 134-143.

解域、逃逸与创造：印度当代英语小说的小民族文学性

尹晶

出版日期:2017-08-25 发布日期:2022-06-15
作者简介:尹晶,文学博士,外交学院英语系副教授,主要从事英美文学、印度当代英语文学和西方文论研究。
基金资助:
本文系外交学院中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金【项目批号：3162016ZYQA02】阶段性成果

Deterritorialization, Flight and Creation-Contemporary Indian Novels in English as Minor Literature

Yin Jing

Online:2017-08-25 Published:2022-06-15
About author:Yin Jing, Ph.D. in Literature, is associate professor at English Department, China Foreign Affairs University (Beijing 100037, China). Her major research areas are English and American literature, contemporary Indian writing in English, and western literary criticism. Email: jyin03@126.com

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 印度当代英语文学诞生于后殖民和全球化这一大背景之中,展现出了独特的小民族文学姿态。本文通过具体解读几部印度当代英语小说,详细阐明了它们展现出的小民族文学的三个重要特征,表明了小民族文学如何进行小民族政治实践：通过对语言进行小民族使用,解构作为语言常量的权力关系,促进生成新的身份;通过不断地解域社会中的克分子组装,释放出欲望之流,进行各种生成,不断地创造出新的生命体验、生命形式和生命的可能性;通过参与表述的集体组装创造出新的身份和民族。小民族文学提供了一种不同于经典后殖民研究的视角,或可以用以指前殖民地作家创作出的英语文学作品,因此为阅读后殖民英语文学作品提供了新的理论工具,为建构以后殖民文学为本体的理论话语提供了资源,并有助于革新后殖民英语文学的创作和批评话语。

关键词: 小民族文学, 印度当代英语小说, 小民族语言, 小民族政治, 表述的集体组装

Abstract: Contemporary Indian novels in English came into being in the context of post-coloniality and globalization, thus displaying unique characteristics of minor literature. Through a detailed reading of several contemporary Indian novels in English, this paper elaborates on the three important characteristics of minor literature and shows the ways it conducts minor political practices: through the minor use of language, it deconstructs the power relations constant in language; through continuously deterritorializing the molar assemblages in a society, releasing the inorganic, impersonal desire flow of life, and conducting different kinds of becomings, it continuously creates new life experiences, new forms and possibilities of life; through the engagement in the collective assemblage of enunciation, it creates new identities and peoples. The concept of “minor literature” provides a different perspective from classical post-colonial studies, and can be used to refer to those English literary texts created by writers in ex-colonial countries or plaes. Therefore, it provides a new critical tool for the reading of post-colonial literary texts, as well as resources for the construction of critical discourse which targets exclusively at those literary texts, and contributes to the innovation of the literary creation and critical discourse of the post-colonial English literature.

Key words: minor literature, contemporary Indian novels in English, minor language, minor politics, collective assemblage of enunciation

尹晶. 解域、逃逸与创造：印度当代英语小说的小民族文学性[J]. 外国文学研究, 2017, 39(4): 134-143.

Yin Jing. Deterritorialization, Flight and Creation-Contemporary Indian Novels in English as Minor Literature[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2017, 39(4): 134-143.

参考文献

[1] Achebe, Chinua.“English and the African Writer.”Transition 18(1965): 27-30.
[2] ---. Morning Yet on Creation Day: Essays. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press, 1975.
[3] 阿拉文德·阿迪加:《白老虎》,路旦俊仲文明译.北京:人民文学出版社,2010年.
[Adiga, Aravind.The White Tiger. Trans. Lu Danjun and Zhong Wenming. Beijing: People’s Literature Publishing House, 2010.]
[4] Ashcroft, Bill, Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin. The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures. London and New York: Routeldge, 1989.
[5] Bogue, Ronald.Deleuze on Literature. New York and London: Routledge, 2003.
[6] ---. “Minor Writing and Minor Literature.” Symploke 5.1-2(1997): 99-118.
[7] 陈永国:《界限与越界:小民族文学的解域化》,《清华大学学报》(哲学社会科学版)6(2005):41—48.
[Chen Yongguo.“Limit and Transgression: The Deterritorialization of Minor Literature.”Journal of Tsinghua University (Philosophy and Social Sciences) 6(2005): 41-48.]
[8] Coetzee J. M.White Writing: On the Culture of Letters in South Africa. New Haven: Yale UP, 1988.
[9] Deleuze, Gilles.Negotiations: 1972-1990. Trans. Jean McNei. New York: Columbia, 1995.
[10] Deleuze, Gilles and Félix Guattari. Kafka: Toward a Minor Literature. Trans. Dana Polan. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1993.
[11] 基兰·德赛:《继承失落的人》,韩丽枫译.南海出版社,2013年.
[Desai, Kiran.The Inheritance of Loss. Trans. Han Lifeng. Hainan: Nanhai Press, 2013.]
[12] Gilbert, Helen and Joanne Tompkins. Post-Colonial Drama: Theory, Practice, Politics. London: Routledge, 1996.
[13] 蒋晖:《欧洲语言霸权是后殖民理论的灵魂——浅评<逆写帝国:后殖民文学的理论与实践>》,《文艺理论与批评》1(2016):75—80.
[Jiang Hui.“The Hegemony of European Languages as the Essence of Post-Colonial Theory: A Comment onThe Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures.” Theory and Criticism of Literature and Art 1(2016): 75-80.]
[14] 弗兰茨·卡夫卡:《卡夫卡全集》(第六卷),叶廷芳等译.河北:河北教育出版社,1996年.
[Kafka, Franz.The Complete Works of Franz Kafka. Vol. 6. Trans. Ye Tingfang et al. Hebei: Hebei Education Press, 1996.]
[15] Nandi, Miriam.“Longing for the Lost (M)other—Postcolonial Ambivalences in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.” Journal of Postcolonial Writing 46.2(2010): 175-86.
[16] 安东尼奥·内格里:《超越帝国》,李琨陆汉臻译.北京:北京大学出版社,2016年.
[Negri, Antonio.Moviment Nell’Impero. Trans. Li Kun and Lu Hanzhen. Beijing: Peking UP, 2016.]
[17] Parr, Adrian, ed. The Deleuze Dictionary. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2005.
[18] 阿兰达蒂·洛伊:《微物之神》,吴美真译.北京:人民文学出版社,2012年.
[Roy, Arundhati.The God of Small Things. Trans. Wu Meizhen. Beijing: People’s Literature Publishing House, 2012.]
[19] 芮小河:《曼布克文学奖的是是非非》,《读书》4(2007):32—39.
[Rui Xiaohe.“The Controversial Issues of Man Booker Prize.”Dushu 4(2007): 32-39.]
[20] Talib, Ismail S.The Language of Postcolonial Literatures. London and New York: Routledge, 2002.
[21] Thiong’o, Ngugi wa. Decolonizing the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. London: Currey, 1986.
[22] Tickell, Alec.“The God of Small Things: Arundhati Roy’s Post Colonial Cosmopolitanism.” The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 38.1(2003): 73-89.