在康拉德《黑暗的心灵》中部分解开的伦理结与部分展现的人性因子

外国文学研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 50-59.

在康拉德《黑暗的心灵》中部分解开的伦理结与部分展现的人性因子

隋刚

出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2022-06-15
作者简介:隋刚,文学博士,北京第二外国语学院英语学院教授,主要从事英美文学研究和英语创意写作研究。

On the Conradian Ethical Knots as Partly Untied, and the Human Factor as Partly Revealed in Heart of Darkness

Sui Gang

Online:2017-02-25 Published:2022-06-15
About author:Sui Gang, Ph.D. in literature, is professor of English at Beijing International Studies University (Beijing 100024, China), and conducts research on British and American literature, and on creative writing in English. Email: sssggg_beijing@yahoo.com

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： “伦理结”和“人性因子”是聂珍钊教授所构建的文学伦理学理论框架中的两个重要术语。前者是暗喻,生动展示伦理悖论的复杂性和伦理选择的困难性;后者属抽象词汇,集中体现人之所以真正为人的核心品质和精神要素。在重读约瑟夫•康拉德中篇经典“黑暗的心灵”的过程中,这两个理论视点可相互映衬,生发伦理新意——康拉德在这部作品中运用关联化、对立化、具象化、内在化和理性化的手法,部分解开伦理结,部分展现人性因子,同时又运用模糊化的手法,通过那些刻意未完全解开的伦理结和刻意未完全展现的人性因子,揭示了人生伦理悲剧的多义性和深刻性,从而彰显了文学文本自身恒久的伦理价值。

关键词: 伦理结, 人性因子, 《黑暗的心灵》

Abstract: “Ethical knots” and “the human factor” are two significant terms from the theoretical framework of ethical literary criticism constructed by Professor Nie Zhenzhao. The former vividly demonstrates the complexity of ethical paradoxes and the difficulty of ethical choices; the latter indicates an abstraction, epitomizing in a nutshell the key qualities and spiritual essentials that make man truly human. In our process of re-reading Heart of Darkness, a canonical novella by Joseph Conrad, these two viewpoints may function to interact with each other, and generate fresh ethical meanings. By means of association, confrontation, concretization, interiorization, and rationalization, in his novella, Conrad partly unties its ethical knots, and partly reveals the human factor embedded in them, and meanwhile he uses the method of ambiguation to suggest the multivalence and profundity of human ethical tragedies—deliberately through the ethical knots incompletely untied, and the human factor incompletely revealed—so as to manifest the enduring ethical value of the literary text itself.

Key words: ethical knots, the human factor, Heart of Darkness

隋刚. 在康拉德《黑暗的心灵》中部分解开的伦理结与部分展现的人性因子[J]. 外国文学研究, 2017, 39(1): 50-59.

Sui Gang. On the Conradian Ethical Knots as Partly Untied, and the Human Factor as Partly Revealed in Heart of Darkness[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2017, 39(1): 50-59.

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