空间表征、身份危机与伦理选择——《卢布林的魔术师》中雅夏形象解读

外国文学研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 59-71.

空间表征、身份危机与伦理选择——《卢布林的魔术师》中雅夏形象解读

刘兮颖

出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2022-05-24
作者简介:刘兮颖,华中师范大学文学院副教授,主要从事英美文学研究。
基金资助:
国家社科基金项目“20世纪美国犹太文学中的记忆书写研究”（16BWW063）

Spatial Representation, Identity Crisis and Ethical Choice: An Interpretation of Yasha Mazaur in The Magician of Lublin

Liu Xiying

Online:2018-10-25 Published:2022-05-24
About author:Liu Xiying is an associate professor at the School of Humanities, Central China Normal University (Wuhan 430079, China). She specializes in the study of European and American literature. Email: longlongw@126.com
Supported by:
“A research on memory narrative in the 20^thcentury American Jewish Literature” (16BWW063) sponsored by National Social Science Fund of China

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 诺贝尔文学奖得主、美国著名犹太作家艾萨克·辛格的长篇小说《卢布林的魔术师》出色地展示了17世纪波兰犹太人雅夏寻求身份认同而遭遇失败,最后皈依宗教终获救赎的艰辛历程。雅夏的多重伦理身份随着他在不同空间——小城镇卢布林和大都市华沙之间转换,交织在一起,产生了深重的身份认同危机,共同构成了他复杂的伦理困境,导致了艰难的伦理选择。空间的生产与身份的建构这二者之间是互为表征的。从卢布林到华沙再复归卢布林,这是祛魅化而后又复魅的过程。雅夏所面临的错综复杂的伦理困境终究经由犹太会堂中的宗教仪式而得以摆脱。犹太会堂从空间和道德两方面为雅夏找到了自省和救赎之路。而雅夏最后的伦理选择和伦理身份的确认是在所谓“神圣空间”中铸就的。

关键词: 《卢布林的魔术师》, 雅夏, 空间表征, 身份危机, 伦理选择

Abstract: As the winner of the 1976 Nobel prize in literature, Jewish American writer Isaac Bashevis Singer, in his masterpiece The Magician of Lublin, tells a tale of the 17th Polish Jewish Yasha Mazaur’s initial failure in his pursuit of identity and his final redemption by way of conversion to Judaism. The geographical movement from Lublin to Warsaw coincides with the experiences of his identity crisis and ethical dilemma. The way from Lublin to Warsaw and then back to Lublin, however, symbolizes a journey of disenchantment and re-enchantment. Religious rituals extricate Yasha from the ethical dilemma. In Jewish Synagogue, a space of religious significance,Yasha finds redemption through the introspection of morality and reaffirms his ethical identity.

Key words: The Magician of Lublin, Yasha Mazaur, representation of space, identity crisis, ethical choice

刘兮颖. 空间表征、身份危机与伦理选择——《卢布林的魔术师》中雅夏形象解读[J]. 外国文学研究, 2018, 40(5): 59-71.

Liu Xiying. Spatial Representation, Identity Crisis and Ethical Choice: An Interpretation of Yasha Mazaur in The Magician of Lublin[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2018, 40(5): 59-71.

参考文献

[1] 加斯东·巴什拉:《空间的诗学》,张逸婧译.上海:上海译文出版社,2015年.
[Bachelard, Gaston.Poetics of Space. Trans. Zhang Yijing. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 2015.]
[2] 巴赫金:《小说的时间形式和时空体形式》,《巴赫金全集》第三卷,白春仁晓河译.石家庄:河北教育出版社,1998年.274-444.
[Bakhtin, Mikhail.“Temporal Forms and Spatial Forms in Fiction.” Complete Works of Bakhtin. Vol. 3. Trans. Bai Chunren and Xiao He. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Education Press, 1998. 274-444.]
[3] 米尔恰·伊利亚德:《神圣与世俗》,王建光译.北京:华夏出版社,2002年.
[Eliade, Mircea.The Sacred and The Profane: The Nature of Religion. Trans. Wang Jianguang. Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 2002.]
[4] 福柯:《不同空间的正文与上下文》,《后现代性与地理学的政治》,陈志梧译,包亚明主编.上海:上海教育出版社,2001年.18—28.
[Foucault, Michel.“Maintext and Context of Different Space.” Politics of Postmodernity and Geography.Trans. Chen Zhiwu. Ed. Bao Yaming. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Press, 2001. 18-28.]
[5] ——:《空间、知识、权力——福柯访谈录》,《后现代性与地理学的政治》,陈志梧译,包亚明主编.上海:上海教育出版社,2001年.1—17.
[---. “Space, Knowledge, and Power: An Interview with Foucault.” Politics of Postmodernity and Geography.Trans. Chen Zhiwu. Ed. Bao Yaming. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Press, 2001. 1-17.]
[6] 简·爱伦·哈里森:《古代的艺术与仪式》,吴晓群译.北京:大象出版社,2011年.
[Harrison, Jane Allen.Art and Rituals in Ancient Times. Trans. Wu Xiaoqun. Beijing: Daxiang Publishing House, 2011.]
[7] 大卫·哈维:《巴黎城记:现代性之都的诞生》,黄煜文译.桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2010年.
[Harvey, David.Paris: Capital of Modernity. Trans. Huang Yuwen. Guilin: Guangxi Normal UP, 2010.]
[8] Kahn, Lothar. “The Talent of I. B. Singer, 1978 Nobel Laureate for Literature.” World Literature Today. Vol. 53, No. 2(Spring, 1979): 197-201.
[9] 大卫·科泽:《仪式、政治和权力》,王海洲译.南京:江苏人民出版社,2015年.
[Koze, David. Rituals, Politics and Power. Trans. Wang Haizhou. Nanjing: Jiangsu People’s Publishing House, 2015.]
[10] 亨利·勒菲弗:《空间与政治》,李春译.上海:上海人民出版社,2008年.
[Lefebvre, Henri.Space and Politics. Trans. Li chun. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House, 2008.]
[11] 亨利·列斐伏尔:《空间:社会产物与使用价值》,《现代性与空间的生产》,王志弘译,包亚明主编.上海:上海教育出版社,2003年.47—58.
[---. “Space: Social Products and Use Value.” Modernity and Production of Space. Trans. Wang Zhihong. Ed. Bao Yamin. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Press, 2003. 47-58.]
[12] ---. The Production of Space. Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith. Oxford: Blackwell, 1991.
[13] 理查德·利罕:《文学中的城市:知识与文化的历史》,吴子枫译.上海:上海人民出版社,2009年.
[Lehan, Richard.The City in Literature: An Intellectual and Cultural History. Trans. Wu Zifeng. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House, 2009.]
[14] Myerhoff, Barbara.“A Death in Due Time: Construction of Self and Culture in Ritual Drama.” Rite, Drama, Festival, Spectacle. Ed. John J. MacAloon. Philadelphia: ISHI, 1984. 149-78.
[15] 齐美尔:《桥与门》,涯鸿等译.上海:三联书店,1991年.
[Simmel, Georg.Bridge and Gate. Trans. Ya Hong et al. Shanghai: SDX Publishing Company, 1991.]
[16] 西美尔:《金钱、性别、现代生活风格》,刘小枫选编,顾仁明译.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2010年.
[---. Money, Gender, and Style of Modern Life. Ed. Liu Xiaofeng. Trans. Gu Renming. Shanghai: East China Normal UP, 2010.]
[17] ——:《时尚的哲学》,费勇吴香译.北京:文化艺术出版社,2001年.
[---. A Philosophy of Fashion. Trans. Fei Yong and Wu Xiang. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House, 2001.]
[18] Spengler, Oswald.The Decline of the West Perspectives of World History. Mcmxxviii: Alfred A Knopf, 1945.
[19] Wolkenfeld J. S.“Isaac Bashevis Singer: The Faith of His Devils and Magicians.” Criticism. Vol. 5, No. 4(fall 1963): 349-59.