莎士比亚戏剧中的律师与“审判”：一种修辞学视角

外国文学研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 88-96.

莎士比亚戏剧中的律师与“审判”：一种修辞学视角

冯伟

出版日期:2018-02-25 发布日期:2022-05-23
作者简介:冯伟,东北师范大学外国语学院教授,主要从事莎士比亚和文艺复兴时期的英国文学研究。
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“莎士比亚与美国意识形态建构研究”（QT15010）; 教育部人文社会科学基金项目“莎士比亚戏剧的英国儿童文学改编研究(1807-1901)”（17YJC752010）

The Lawyer Image and Trial Scenes in Shakespeare: A Rhetorical Perspective

Feng Wei

Online:2018-02-25 Published:2022-05-23
About author:Feng Wei is professor of English at the School of Foreign Languages in Northeast Normal University (Changchun 130024, China), specializing in Shakespeare and Renaissance English literature studies. Email: fengw160@nenu.edu.cn
Supported by:
“A Study of Shakespeare and Ideological Construction in America” (QT15010) sponsored by fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; “A Study of British Children’s Literature Adapted from Shakespearean Plays (1807-1901)” (17YJC752010) sponsored by the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 修辞术是早期现代英国教育的重要组成部分,对莎士比亚的戏剧创作产生了难以磨灭的深远影响;同时,修辞学为莎士比亚戏剧探讨法律、正义、善等重大问题提供了一个便利途径。通过对修辞术的娴熟使用,莎士比亚上演了一场场惊心动魄的司法大戏,也在某种程度上见证了早期现代英国社会种种“看得见的非正义”。从权利哲学的角度看,“恶人”有享受律师为其辩护的权利,国家则担负着为其公民提供司法审判的义务。在此意义上,莎士比亚戏剧中的负面律师形象和审判场景共同见证了英国社会从以美德和义务为本位的传统社会到以个体权利为本位的现代社会转型。

关键词: 莎士比亚, 修辞术, 法律

Abstract: Rhetoric plays an essential role in early modern English education and exerts a profound influence on Shakespeare’s writings. What’s more, rhetoric offers a convenient channel through which Shakespeare could discuss such topics as law, justice and good, etc. Through his masterly use of rhetoric, Shakespeare presents various scenes of “injustice visible” to audiences of different ages. From the perspective of philosophy of right, even a “bad guy” is entitled to a lawyer’s service in his defense on court while a modern nation has a legal obligation to provide a just trial for its citizens. In this sense, both the negative images of lawyers and trial scenes in Shakespeare’s plays throw a light upon the social transition of England from a traditional society based on the principle of virtue and obligation to a modern nation justified by its protection of individual rights.

Key words: Shakespeare, rhetoric, law

冯伟. 莎士比亚戏剧中的律师与“审判”：一种修辞学视角[J]. 外国文学研究, 2018, 40(1): 88-96.

Feng Wei. The Lawyer Image and Trial Scenes in Shakespeare: A Rhetorical Perspective[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2018, 40(1): 88-96.

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