《心灵的慰藉》：记忆的复调性与风景的多维性

外国文学研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 47-60.

• 中外学者对话自然文学研究 • 上一篇下一篇

《心灵的慰藉》：记忆的复调性与风景的多维性

谭琼琳, 邓瑛瑛

出版日期:2018-02-25 发布日期:2022-05-23
作者简介:谭琼琳,湖南大学外国语学院教授,加里·斯奈德研究中心主任,主要从事生态诗学、绘画诗学的比较研究;邓瑛瑛,湖南大学外国语学院博士生,加里·斯奈德研究中心研究人员,主要从事生态文学的比较研究。
基金资助:
湖南省哲学社会科学基金重点项目课题“当代美国生态文学作品中的声景研究”（17ZDB004）

Refuge: Polyphony of Memory and Multi-dimensionality of Landscape

Tan Qionglin, Deng Yingying

Online:2018-02-25 Published:2022-05-23
About author:Tan Qionglin is professor at the College of Foreign Languages and director of the Center for Gary Snyder Studies, Hunan University (Changsha 410082, China). Her academic interest is comparative studies of ecopoetics and ekphrasis. Email: 1207799751@qq.com; Deng Yingying is a Ph.D. candidate at the College of Foreign Languages and research fellow of the Center for Gary Snyder Studies, Hunan University (Changsha 410082, China). Her academic interest is comparative studies of eco-literature. Email: 760503562@qq.com
Supported by:
“A Study of the Soundscape in Contemporary American Literature” (17ZDB004),sponsored by the Philosophical and Social Fund of Hunan Province

摘要/Abstract

内容摘要： 《心灵的慰藉》是当代美国女作家特丽·坦皮斯特·威廉斯的代表作,一部优秀的自传体回忆录,被西方学者誉为“美国自然文学的经典之作”。本文拟从“风景与记忆”这一关键词出发,借助记忆心理学、生态学、风景学、人文地理学、生态批评等领域的相关理论,探讨威廉斯如何通过书写个体的经验和情感,反思当今人类社会面临的生态困境和人伦困境。面对现实中破碎的、不连贯的、乃至失落的风景,威廉斯通过记忆和想象重构时间维度上的风景,以多重记忆书写和身体写作方式在作品中再现自然风景和文化风景。这种叙事方式旨在呼吁人类重新开始以原始的身体感官了解和体验自然,了解脚下的土地,重新建立起与大地的亲密关系,重新找回爱的本能,以此找到回归人类精神家园之路。

关键词: 特丽·坦皮斯特·威廉斯, 《心灵的慰藉》, 风景, 记忆

Abstract: Refuge, an outstanding autobiographical memoir, is the masterpiece of contemporary American woman writer Terry Tempest Williams. It has been praised as a classic in American nature writing by the Western critics. Based on the related theories ranging from psychology of memory, ecology, landscape study, human geography to ecocriticism, this paper intends to explore the interconnectedness between landscape and memory, which aims to unravel how Williams reflects ecological dilemma and human ethical dilemma of modern society within her literary production through personal experiences and emotions. Confronted with the broken, incoherent and even lost landscape in reality, Williams attempts to reconstruct the landscape in the temporal dimension by virtue of memory and imagination, and reproduce natural landscape and cultural landscape by using multiple memories and writing out of the body. In this way, Williams appeals to humans to re-understand and re-experience nature and the land with their primitive bodily senses, re-establish the intimacy with the land, and re-discover the instinct of love so as to find the way to their spiritual home.

Key words: Terry Tempest Williams, Refuge, Landscape, Memory

谭琼琳, 邓瑛瑛. 《心灵的慰藉》：记忆的复调性与风景的多维性[J]. 外国文学研究, 2018, 40(1): 47-60.

Tan Qionglin, Deng Yingying. Refuge: Polyphony of Memory and Multi-dimensionality of Landscape[J]. Foreign Literature Studies, 2018, 40(1): 47-60.

参考文献

[1] Abram, David.The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-Than-Human World. New York: Pantheon Books, 1996.
[2] Austin, Michael, ed. A Voice in the Wilderness: Conversations with Terry Tempest Williams. Logan: Utah State UP, 2006.
[3] 巴赫金:《陀思妥耶夫斯基诗学问题与巴赫金访谈录》,《巴赫金全集》第五卷,白春仁顾亚玲译.石家庄:河北教育出版社,2009年.
[Bakhtin M. M.Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics and Interviews with Bakhtin. The Collected Works of Bakhtin. Vol. 5. Trans. Bai Chunren and Gu Yaling. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Education Press, 2009.]
[4] Carson, Rachel.Silent Spring. London: Mariner Books, 2002.
[5] 段德智:《死亡哲学》.武汉:湖北人民出版社,1997年.
[Duan Dezhi.Philosophy of Death. Wuhan: Hubei People’s Publishing House, 1997.]
[6] 乔纳森·福斯特:《记忆》,刘嘉译.南京:译林出版社,2016年.
[Foster, Jonathan K.Memory: A Very Short Introduction. Trans. Liu Jia. Nanjing: Yilin Press, 2016.]
[7] 约翰·布林克霍夫·杰克逊:《发现乡土景观》,俞孔坚陈义勇等译.北京:商务印书馆,2015年.
[Jackson, John B.Discovering the Vernacular Landscape. Trans. Yu Kongjian and Chen Yiyong et al. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2015.]
[8] Johnson, Marcia K. “A Multiple-Entry, Modular Memory System.” The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory. Vol. 17. Ed. Gordon H. Bower. New York: Academic Press, 1983. 81-123.
[9] R. J.约翰斯顿:《人文地理学词典》,柴彦威等译.北京:商务印书馆,2004年.
[Johnston R. J.The Dictionary of Human Geography. Trans. Chai Yanwei et al. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004.]
[10] Kircher, Cassandra.“Rethinking Dichotomies in Terry Tempest Williams’s Refuge.” Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 3.1(Summer 1996): 97-113.
[11] Leopold, Aldo.A Sand Country Almanac: With Essays on Conservation from Round River. New York: Ballantine Books, 1970.
[12] Levi-Strauss, Claude. Myth and Meaning. London and New York: Routledge, 2001.
[13] Lindström, Kati, Kalevi Kull and Hannes Palang. “Semiotic Study of Landscapes: An Overview from Semiology to Ecosemiotics.” Sign Systems Studies 39. 2/4(2011): 12-36.
[14] Lovelock, James.“The Living Earth.” Nature 426 (2003): 769-70.
[15] 鲁刚:《文化神话学》.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2009年.
[Lu Gang. Cultural Mythology.Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press, 2009.]
[16] Mitchell, Charles.“Reclaiming the Sacred Landscape: Terry Tempest Williams, Kathleen Norris, and the Other Nature Writing.” Women’s Studies 32 (2003): 165-82.
[17] W. J. T.米切尔编:《风景与权力》,杨丽万信琼译.南京:译林出版社,2014年.
[Mitchell W. J.T., ed. Landscape and Power. Trans. Yang Li and Wan Xinqiong. Nanjing: Yilin Press, 2014.]
[18] Oubre, Katherine Adaire.“The Pilgrimage Home: Spiritual Ecology in Nature Writing Written by Contemporary American Women.” Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Tucson: The University of Arizona, 2000.
[19] Riley, Jeannette E.“Finding One’s Place in the ‘Family of Things’: Terry Tempest Williams and a Geography of Self.” Women’s Studies 32 (2003): 585-602.
[20] Ross-Bryant, Lynn. “The Self in Nature: Four American Autobiographies.” Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 80.1(Spring 1997): 83-104.
[21] Ryden, Kent C.Mapping the Invisible Landscape: Folklore, Writing, and the Sense of Place. Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1993.
[22] Schama, Simon.Landscape and Memory. New York: Vintage Books, 1996.
[23] Sorokin, Pitirim A.The Ways and Power of Love: Types, Factors, and Techniques of Moral Transformation. West Conshohocken: Templeton Foundation Press, 2002.
[24] Tuan, Yi-fu. Place, Art and Self. Charlottesville: U of Virginia P, 2004.
[25] 段义孚:《风景断想》,张箭飞邓媛媛译,《长江学术》3(2012): 45—53.
[---. “Thoughts on Landscape.” Trans. Zhang Jianfei and Deng Yuanyuan. Yangtze River Academic 3(2012): 45-53.]
[26] 特丽·威廉斯:《心灵的慰藉:一部非同寻常的地域与家族史》,程虹译.北京:三联书店,2013年.
[Williams, Terry.Refuge: An Unnatural History of Family and Place. Trans. Cheng Hong. Beijing: SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2013.]
[27] Williams, Terry Tempest.Refuge: An Unnatural History of Family and Place. New York: Vintage Books, 1992.
[28] 杨治良孙连荣唐菁华编:《记忆心理学》(第三版).上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012年.
[Yang Zhiliang, Sun Lianrong and Tang Jinghua, eds. Psychology of Memory. 3rd ed. Shanghai: East China Normal UP, 2012.]
[29] Yuki, Masami Raker.“Towards a Literary Theory of Acoustic Ecology: Soundscapes in Contemporary Environmental Literature.” Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Reno: The University of Nevada, 2000.

《心灵的慰藉》：记忆的复调性与风景的多维性

Refuge: Polyphony of Memory and Multi-dimensionality of Landscape

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王薇. 同质见证与异质记忆：美国“9·11”小说的两次“言说”[J]. 外国文学研究, 2022, 44(2): 157-165.
[2]	黄晖. 古尔纳《多蒂》中的伦理身份重构与共同体想象[J]. 外国文学研究, 2022, 44(2): 46-54.
[3]	许钧, 勒克莱齐奥. 记忆、想象与现实主义——关于文学创作的对话[J]. 外国文学研究, 2021, 43(1): 20-29.
[4]	吴娟. 纳博科夫小说《绝望》的双层记忆系统建构研究[J]. 外国文学研究, 2020, 42(6): 140-151.
[5]	王晓宇. 灵魂与记忆——普拉东诺夫与艾特玛托夫小说中的中亚书写[J]. 外国文学研究, 2020, 42(5): 166-176.
[6]	刘兮颖. 《冤家,一个爱情故事》中的记忆书写与身份重构[J]. 外国文学研究, 2020, 42(5): 100-113.
[7]	郭雯. 一场身份诉求之旅：《神经漫游者》的赛博空间叙事与记忆建构[J]. 外国文学研究, 2020, 42(1): 149-158.
[8]	庞好农, 薛璇子. 从《街》探析佩特里笔下的心理叙事[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(4): 110-118.
[9]	陈兵. 英国维多利亚时代历险小说中的异域风景与英国性建构[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(4): 89-100.
[10]	邹萍. 《盲目的向日葵》中的记忆书写与伦理意义[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(3): 129-138.
[11]	王洋. 如画风景与历史空间的垦殖：19世纪爱尔兰历史小说研究[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(2): 161-174.
[12]	苏明鸣, 朱安博. 无意识记忆与遗传——论巴特勒《众生之路》中的进化论思想[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(2): 86-98.
[13]	朱春发. 诗意和记忆：论帕慕克文学作品中的废墟书写[J]. 外国文学研究, 2019, 41(1): 132-141.
[14]	尹晓煌. 不同的情感：美国华人文学作品中的东西大铁路书写[J]. 外国文学研究, 2018, 40(6): 10-21.
[15]	徐阳子, 彭青龙. 《河道导游之死》中的文化记忆与身份建构[J]. 外国文学研究, 2018, 40(5): 159-167.