Abstract: Eagleton summed up the four forms of Marx's literary criticism, and put “Anthropological Criticism” in the first place. This view provides a basis for the study of the morphological types of Marx's criticism. Although the position of the anthropological concept in Marx's theory is controversial, more and more scholars pay attention to the relationship between them, which is regarded as an important source of Marx's theory. The author believes that the recognized relationship between them does not mean that in the late years of Marx's life there is a stage of anthropology independent of the historical materialism. At the same time, Marxist anthropology thinking should not be known as “the Anthropological Turn”. Instead, we should regard it as a part of Marxist social research. What's more, there is no reason to reject the study of Marx doctrine from the perspective of anthropology. This paper tries to explore the process of the occurrence and evolution of anthropological thought in Marxist theory, analyses the motivation and functional characteristics of the theory, and presents the theoretical connotation of Marxist anthropology criticism from the perspectives of method, the problem domain, and theoretical purpose in the light of anthropological development.

Key words: anthropology, marxist criticism, form of literary criticism, cultural criticism